The current study investigated the association between neural engagement with task-irrelevant images and subsequent interference with target processing using the Emotional Interrupt paradigm [Mitchell, D., Richell, R., Leonard, A., & Blair, R. Emotion at the expense of cognition: Psychopathic individuals outperform controls on an operant response task. Journal of Abnormal Psychology,115, 559, 2006]. Consistent with previous studies, PCA-derived factors corresponding to the early posterior negativity, P300, and late positive potential (LPP) were enhanced for emotional (i.e., both unpleasant and pleasant) compared with neutral distracters, and the P300 elicited by targets was smaller following emotional compared with neutral pictures. In addition, RTs were increased to targets that followed emotional pictures. Within-subject analyses demonstrated that slow trials were characterized by a smaller P300 and were preceded by pictures with a larger LPP. Additionally, between-subject analyses indicate that individuals with a larger LPP also demonstrated slower RTs to targets and reduced target-elicited P300s. All results were specific to the LPP and were not observed for either the early posterior negativity or the P300 elicited by task-irrelevant pictures. By relating the LPP to subsequent behavioral and ERP interference in both within-and between-subject analyses, the current study provides direct support for the notion that LPP indexes attentional engagement with visual stimuli that is uniquely associated with subsequent interference in terms of both RT slowing and P300 reduction to targets.
#1Anne Richards(Birkbeck, University of London)H-Index: 30
#2Amanda Holmes(University of Roehampton)H-Index: 27
Last. Emily Bethell(Birkbeck, University of London)H-Index: 12
view all 4 authors...
An adaptation paradigm was used to investigate the influence of a previously experienced visual context on the interpretation of ambiguous emotional expressions. Affective classification of fear-neutral ambiguous expressions was performed following repeated exposure to either fearful or neutral faces. There was a shift in the behavioral classification of morphs toward “fear” following adaptation to neutral compared to adaptation to fear with a nonsignificant trend toward the high-anxiety group c...
Much past research has focused on how traits related to the behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and avoidance motivation influence the almost obligatory attentional processing of aversive stimuli as measured as early as 100 ms into stimulus processing. These results fit with the functional importance assigned to the negativity bias. But do traits related to the behavioral approach system (BAS) influence attentional processing with similar rapidity? The present study addressed this unanswered ques...
Last. Daniel N. Klein(SBU: Stony Brook University)H-Index: 103
view all 4 authors...
Event-related potentials (ERPs) may be particularly useful for examining emotional processing across development. Though a number of ERP components are sensitive to emotional content in adults, previous studies have yet to systematically examine the components sensitive to emotion in children. The current study used temporal-spatial principal components analysis (PCA) to identify ERP components in response to complex emotional images in nine-year-old children. Three components were modulated by ...
Contents: R. Clifton, P. Berman, Preface. P.J. Long, R.F. Simons, M.T.Balaban, Part I:Current Investigations of the Classical Theory of Orienting and Defense. E. Sokolov, J. Cacioppo, Orienting and Defense Reflexes: Vector Coding the Cardiac Response. D. Siddle, O. Lipp, Orienting, Habituation and Information Processing: The Effects of Omission, the Role of Expectancy, and the Problem of Dishabituation. Part II:Biological and Evolutionary Foundations of Orienting, Startle, and Defense: Motivatio...
Last. Andreas Keil(UF: University of Florida)H-Index: 57
view all 5 authors...
Abstract Emotional stimuli capture and hold attention without explicit instruction. The late positive potential (LPP) component of the event related potential can be used to track motivated attention toward emotional stimuli, and is larger for emotional compared to neutral pictures. In the frequency domain, the steady state visual evoked potential (ssVEP) has also been used to track attention to stimuli flickering at a particular frequency. Like the LPP, the ssVEP is also larger for emotional co...
#1Chunliang Feng(BNU: Beijing Normal University)H-Index: 18
#2Lili Wang(BNU: Beijing Normal University)H-Index: 8
Last. Yuejia Luo(CAS: Chinese Academy of Sciences)H-Index: 39
view all 5 authors...
The current study investigated the time course of the implicit processing of erotic stimuli using event-related potentials (ERPs). ERPs elicited by erotic pictures were compared with those by three other types of pictures: non-erotic positive, negative, and neutral pictures. We observed that erotic pictures evoked enhanced neural responses compared with other pictures at both early (P2/N2) and late (P3/positive slow wave) temporal stages. These results suggested that erotic pictures selectively ...
Last. Greg Hajcak(SBU: Stony Brook University)H-Index: 89
view all 3 authors...
ABSTRACT The late positive potential (LPP) is an event-related potential (ERP) component that indexes sustained attention toward motivationally salient information. The LPP has been observed in children and adults, however little is known about its development from childhood into adolescence. In addition, whereas LPP studies examine responses to images from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS; Lang et al., 2008 ) or emotional faces, no previous studies have compared responses in you...
Last. Greg Hajcak(SBU: Stony Brook University)H-Index: 89
view all 4 authors...
article i nfo Article history: Event-related potential (ERP) studies of early evaluative categorization have often used variants of an oddball paradigm to assess attention to targetstimulias a function of content (i.e.,valence)and context (e.g., presentation among non-targets differing in valence). However, most previous studies have not fully crossed content and con- text, and have not examined the time-course of these effects. The purpose of the current study was to investigate thesetwoissuesi...
Last. Daniel N. Klein(SBU: Stony Brook University)H-Index: 103
view all 5 authors...
Background—The late positive potential (LPP) is an event-related potential component that indexes selective attention toward motivationally salient information and is sensitive to emotional stimuli. Few studies have examined the LPP in children. Depression has been associated with reduced reactivity to negative and positive emotional stimuli, including reduced LPPs in response to emotional faces. The current study sought to identify the time course and scalp distribution of the LPP in response t...
#2Catherine Good(CUNY: City University of New York)H-Index: 12
Last. Carol S. Dweck(CUNY: City University of New York)H-Index: 124
view all 5 authors...
Gender-based stereotypes undermine femalesperformance on challenging math tests, but how do they influence their ability to learn from the errors they make? Females under stereotype threat or non-threat were presented with accuracy feedback after each problem on a GRE-like math test, followed by an optional interactive tutorial that provided step-wise problem-solving instruction. Event-related potentials tracked the initial detection of the negative feedback following errors (feedback related ne...
Last. Roman Osinsky(University of Osnabrück)H-Index: 17
view all 5 authors...
Favourable compared to unfavourable action outcomes typically evoke a positive-going amplitude shift at frontomedial electrodes in the scalp-recorded electroencephalogram. Since prior studies on this Reward Positivity (RewP) have heavily relied on monetary outcomes, it is still debated whether the RewP is also elicited by other kinds of reward. We addressed this issue by focussing on food as another major category of daily reward. Twenty-eight healthy participants completed a decision task, in w...
Last. Greg Hajcak(FSU: Florida State University)H-Index: 89
view all 5 authors...
BACKGROUND: Multiple studies have found a reduced reward positivity (RewP) among individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD). Event-related potential studies have also reported blunted neural responses to pleasant pictures in MDD as reflected by the late positive potential (LPP). These deficits have been interpreted broadly in terms of anhedonia and decreased emotional engagement characteristic of depression. METHODS: In the current study, a community-based sample of 83 participants with cu...
The present study is the first to compare the examined electrophysiological activity of facial and textual feedback of students with social anxiety after they finished a visual search task. Compared to textual feedback, facial feedback is much more effective. Specifically speaking, positive facial feedback caused stronger feedback-related negativity (FRN), and negative facial feedback caused late positive potential (LPP) of stronger amplitude. These changes in the FRN component (associated with ...
Abstract As we age, we show increased attention and memory for positive versus negative information, and a key event-related potential (ERP) marker of emotion processing, the late positive potential (LPP), is sensitive to these changes. In young adults the emotion effect on the LPP is also quite sensitive to the self-relevance of stimuli. Here we investigated whether the shift toward positive stimuli with age would be magnified by self-relevance. Participants read two-sentence scenarios that wer...
Research on cognitive control has sparked increasing interest in recent years, as it is an important prerequisite for goal oriented human behavior. The paced auditory serial addition task (PASAT) has been used to test and train cognitive control functions. This adaptive, challenging task includes continuous performance feedback. Therefore, additional cognitive control capacities are required to process this information along with the already high task-load. The underlying neural mechanisms, howe...
The degree of mouth opening and closing is one of the most important attributes of expression, reflecting the intensity of facial expression and can assist people to recognize the expression more accurately. The NimStim set of facial expressions contains the open and closed expression pictures of the same actor. Although this expression set has been widely used, there is little research on the intensity effect of this set. In this study, 32 Chinese college students were recruited in to view the ...
In Western cultures, sexualized women are frequently viewed as if they were objects rather than people (i.e., dehumanized). Researchers have reported an inversion effect in which images of sexualiz...
Last. Greg Hajcak(FSU: Florida State University)H-Index: 89
view all 6 authors...
Background: Suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) are thought to result from, at least in part, abnormalities in various neural systems. Event-related potentials (ERPs) are a useful method for studying neural activity and can be leveraged to study neural deficits related to STBs; however, it is unknown how effective ERPs are at differentiating various STB groups. The present meta-analysis examined how well ERPs can differentiate (a) those with and without suicidal ideation, (b) those with and w...
#5Jun Wang(ZJNU: Zhejiang Normal University)H-Index: 210
Previous research has indicated that frontal midline theta (FMθ) reflects a domain-general cognitive control mechanism of the prefrontal cortex. Brain imaging studies have shown that the inhibition of implicit stereotypes was dependent on this domain-general cognitive control mechanism. Based on this knowledge, the present study investigated the neural oscillatory correlates of implicit gender stereotype control in an extrinsic affective Simon task (EAST) using electrophysiological methods. Part...
