Molecular insights into the mechanisms of liver‐associated diseases in early‐lactating dairy cows: hypothetical role of endoplasmic reticulum stress

Summary The transition period represents the most critical period in the productive life of high‐yielding dairy cows due to both metabolic and inflammatory stimuli, which challenge the liver and predispose dairy cows to develop liver‐associated diseases such as fatty liver and ketosis. Despite the fact that all high‐yielding dairy cows are affected by marked metabolic stress due to a severe negative energy balance ( NEB ) during early lactation,...