Bauschinger Effect in Microalloyed Steels: Part II. Influence of Work Softening on Strength Development During UOE Line-Pipe Forming

The Bauschinger effect (a reduced yield stress at the start of reverse deformation following forward prestrain) is an important factor of strength development for cold metal forming technology. In steels, the magnitude of the Bauschinger effect depends on composition, through the presence of microalloy precipitates, and prior processing, through the size and distribution of the microalloy precipitates and the presence of retained work hardening....