Lateral cyclic pile–soil interaction studies on a rigid model monopile

The monopile foundation of an offshore wind turbine will unavoidably suffer from long-term cyclic loading during its lifetime, due to impacts from waves and wind. In this paper, a series of tests on a rigid model monopile, subjected to lateral cyclic loading, were carried out in Qiantang River silt to investigate the pile–soil interaction mechanism and accumulated deformation. The tests revealed that the accumulated displacement is closely...