Sequential resection of malignant ureteral margins at radical cystectomy: a critical assessment of the value of frozen section analysis

The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of frozen section analysis (FSA) for detecting and eliminating malignant ureteral margins at radical cystectomy (RC) and to determine the impact of final margin status obtained by a sequential resectioning strategy on the risk of upper urinary tract recurrence (UUT-R). A total of 425 ureteral margins obtained from 218 patients undergoing RC for invasive bladder cancer between 1999 and 2009 were...