Parental conditional regard is a parenting practice which may lead to negative outcomes for the child. Yet, no research has examined whether feelings of love worthiness may be dependent upon conditional parental regard. Furthermore, certain conditions within the family environment may exacerbate this effect. Across two studies, undergraduate students were asked to report on perceptions of parental conditional regard, aspects of the family life growing up and how often they felt worthy of love (WOL). In Study 1, 91 individuals were asked to respond to open-ended questions about their feelings of parental conditional regard, as well as complete Likert-type questions about their family environment and feelings of love worthiness. In Study 2, 211 individuals completed Likert-type scales assessing their perceptions of parental conditional regard, family environment and feelings of love worthiness. Overall, perceptions of parental conditional regard were associated with feeling WOL less often, and this associat...
Last. Adriana Băban(Babeș-Bolyai University)H-Index: 15
view all 4 authors...
Abstract Adolescence is regarded a key period when individual differences in perfectionism develop. Yet, so far only a few longitudinal studies have investigated the development of perfectionism in adolescents. Using a longitudinal correlational design with 381 adolescents aged 15–19 years, the present study investigated whether perceived parental expectations and criticism predicted longitudinal increases in self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism over 7–9 months. Results showed tha...
Part I: Fundamental Concepts. Introduction. A Scientist in Training. Questions of Whether, If, How, and When. Conditional Process Analysis. Correlation, Causality, and Statistical Modeling. Statistical Software. Overview of this Book. Chapter Summary. Simple Linear Regression. Correlation and Prediction. The Simple Linear Regression Equation. Statistical Inference. Assumptions for Interpretation and Statistical Inference. Chapter Summary. Multiple Linear Regression. The Multiple Linear Regressio...
Praise for the Previous Edition: "This book attempts to clarify misunderstandings about self-esteem and offer a rationale for the legitimacy of including the construct as an important variable for mental health The author writes fluently and clearly. He is also considerate in his explanations by organizing chapters appropriately so that his narrative follows well-articulated empirical findings. " -PsycCritiques "Why another book on self-esteem? As Mruk points out to begin his own, there are alre...
The current study examined perceptions of living up to parental expectations (LPE) and personal standards as possible mediators of the relationship between ethnicity and worry in a sample of 836 Asian American and 856 White American college students. Asian Americans reported higher frequency of academic- and family-related worries, but they did not report higher levels of global tendency to worry. Perceptions of LPE of current academic performance and personal standards for preparation for a fut...
Last. Rika Tanaka(ASU: Arizona State University)H-Index: 2
view all 3 authors...
Childhood family adversity increases the risk of a wide range of psychological and physical health problems later in life, prompting research into developmental pathways linking childhood experiences to adult health. The current paper discusses a social-biological pathway by which childhood family relationships influence the development of the social and emotional skills necessary for adaptive behavioral and biological responses to stress. Failures in the development of social and emotional comp...
#1Yi Jinyao(CSU: Central South University)H-Index: 3
#2Zhu Xiong-zhao(CSU: Central South University)H-Index: 4
Last. Yao Shu-qiao(CSU: Central South University)H-Index: 9
view all 7 authors...
BACKGROUND: Most studies have shown that insecure attachment and stress are important risk factors in the development of depression and anxiety. However, it is unclear whether distinct patterns of insecure attachment may relate differently to depression and anxiety following stressful events. Thus, the current study examined whether anxious and avoidant attachment, both of which are operationalized as insecure attachment, predict depressive and anxious symptoms following the occurrence of hassle...
Asian American parents espouse higher academic expectations relative to parents from other ethnic groups, yet these high expectations predict greater self-doubt in children who fall short of expectations. In the present study, 69 Asian American and 33 Latino undergraduate students discussed their parents’ expectations, how supportive they felt their parents were with their choice of major and school performance, and their feelings about their own academic performance. Differences between both gr...
Abstract This study aimed to test an interactive model of perceived parental expectations and the meaning of those expectations in relation to bulimic symptoms in Black ( n = 97) and White ( n = 179) college women. Black young women reported higher parental expectations and attached more positive meanings to high parental expectations, in comparison to their White peers. There was an interactive effect for Black young women such that, in the context of perceived high parental expectations, inter...
Bowlby (1969/1982, 1973, 1980) proposed a model of development with clearly articulated implications for psychopathology. According to this model, an infant’s formation of an attachment to a caregiver is a key developmental task that influences not only the child’s representations of self and other, but also strategies for processing attachmentrelated thoughts and feelings. Attachment-related events, such as loss and abuse, lead to modifications in these internal representations and affect a chi...
When children perceive a conditional support, they only feel loved and encouraged for their ability to meet others’ standards. This may lead them to develop high sensitivity to errors and anxiety and low perception of competence. In this study, we examined the relationship between the perceived conditional support from teacher and children’s self-perception of school competence. We tested the mediating effect of sensitivity to errors and test anxiety in the relationship between teacher condition...