Functional nanoporous carbons from hydrothermally treated biomass for environmental purification

Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) was utilized as a pretreatment method to convert high oxygen content lignocellulosic biomass, otherwise invaluable renewable material, to a more condensed functional material for higher value applications. Hazelnut shells (HS), an abundant agricultural biomass, were pre-carbonized to hydrophilic and thermochemically more stable hydrochar (HH) under hydrothermal conditions. Successive calcination of HH under inert...