Tamoxifen Inhibits TGF‐β‐Mediated Activation of Myofibroblasts by Blocking Non‐Smad Signaling Through ERK1/2

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a multifunctional cytokine which stimulates the differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts. Myofibroblasts are critical for normal wound healing, but also accumulate pathologically in a number of chronic inflammatory conditions where they are key contributors to aberrant tissue remodeling and fibrosis, and in cancer stroma. In the current study, we identified a role for tamoxifen as a potent...