Meta‐analysis of transmitter effects on avian behaviour and ecology

Summary 1. Researchers often attach transmitters and other devices to free‐living birds without a clear understanding of potential deleterious consequences to their study organisms, and thus to their data. Studies investigating this topic have generally been limited to a single species or type of device. 2. To achieve a broader understanding we used a meta‐analysis of 84 studies to ask: (1) Do devices have an overall effect on birds? (2) Which...