Objective: Self-medication with antibiotics (SMA) is a common cause of antibiotic resistance, a major public health problem. This research aimed to identify the prevalence of SMA and explore reasons for practicing SMA among people living in Kabul, Afghanistan.Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May to November 2017 in 12 community pharmacies operating across Kabul, Afghanistan. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify the factors associated with...
Objective: We systematically reviewed the evidence of published original research to determine the role of remdesivir in the management of COVID-19 patients with a moderate-to-severe course of illness. Methods: A systematic search of articles was conducted in scientific databases, with the last update in May 2021. This paper systematically reviewed the clinical evidence available (randomized controlled trials, compassionate use studies, and case reports) on the use of remdesivir for patients wit...
Introduction: Dengue virus is a global health threat, with approximately 390 million dengue infections annually. Efficient vaccines for dengue prevention are currently lacking. This review aims to summarize the current progress in dengue vaccine development.Area covered: This article discusses recent dengue vaccine developments based on the published literature and ClinicalTrials.gov website up to December 2020.Expert opinion: The first live-attenuated chimeric yellow-fever/tetravalent dengue va...
Last. Shujuan Sun(SDU: Shandong University)H-Index: 15
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Introduction null Candida species have been regarded as global health threats due to their ability to cause invasive infections. It is challenging to treat Candida bloodstream infections, which are associated with high mortality levels. Monotherapy with antifungals is sometimes not effective against severe Candida infections, and combination therapy is needed in clinical practice. null Areas covered null This review was undertaken based on data from a PubMed search for English language reports p...
Introduction: It is fortunate that an international panel of experts proposed definitions for multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) in the past.Areas covered: In our opinion, these definitions need amendments in order to be semantically more accurate.Expert opinion: We suggest for the MDR definition to add to 'MDR is defined as non-susceptibility to at least one agent in three or more antimicrobial categories' that this non-susceptibility is at most to the total number o...
The understanding of antimicrobial utilization patterns is pertinent to successful implementation of the National Action Plans on Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR). There is, however, limited informat...
Introduction: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was first reported in Wuhan, China, in late December 2019 and subsequently, declared a pandemic. As of 3 June 2021, 172,493,290 individuals have acquired COVID-19 and 3,708,334 patients have died worldwide, according to the World Health Organization.Areas covered: This review explores epidemiology; virology; pathogenesis; genomic variations; mode of transmission; clinical occurrence; diagnosis; and treatment with antiviral agents, antibiotics, and sup...
INTRODUCTION Mediators of immunity and inflammation are playing a crucial role in COVID-19 pathogenesis and complications as demonstrated by several genetic and clinical studies. Thus, repurposing of drugs that possess anti-inflammatory and/or immune-modulatory effects for COVID-19 is considered a rational approach.Areas covered: We analyze selected studies that correlated COVID-19 with dysregulated interferon and inflammatory responses while reflecting on our academic and real-life experience u...
Last. Hervé Pelloux(UGA: University of Grenoble)H-Index: 14
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Introduction null Toxoplasmosis is a globally distributed parasitic infection that can be particularly severe when opportunistic or congenital. Its diagnosis requires accurate and rapid techniques that rely mainly on serology and molecular methods. null Areas covered null The aim of this review was to discuss the positioning of the molecular diagnosis of toxoplasmosis according to the different clinical situations possibly resulting from infection with T. gondii, and to detail recent development...
Last. Po-Ren Hsueh(NTU: National Taiwan University)H-Index: 105
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Introduction: Scrub typhus is one of the most underdiagnosed and under-reported febrile illnesses requiring hospitalization, mainly occurring in Southeast and East Asia and the Pacific Islands, in an area referred to as the "Tsutsugamushi Triangle." Scrub typhus is a zoonotic rickettsial disease that is transmitted to humans by trombiculid mites.Areas covered: A MEDLINE/PubMed search of the available literature was performed to describe the role of antibiotic-resistant scrub typhus in therapy fa...