#1Clair Crewe(UTSW: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center)H-Index: 9
#2Jan-Bernd Funcke(UTSW: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center)H-Index: 13
Last. Yucel Akgul(UTSW: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center)H-Index: 13
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Adipocytes undergo intense energetic stress in obesity resulting in loss of mitochondrial mass and function. We have found that adipocytes respond to mitochondrial stress by rapidly and robustly releasing small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). These sEVs contain respiration-competent, but oxidatively damaged mitochondrial particles, which enter circulation and are taken up by cardiomyocytes, where they trigger a burst of ROS. The result is compensatory antioxidant signaling in the heart that prote...
Clearance of apoptotic cells, or "efferocytosis," is essential for diverse processes including embryonic development, tissue turnover, organ regeneration, and immune cell development. The human body is estimated to remove approximately 1% of its body mass via apoptotic cell clearance daily. This poses several intriguing cell metabolism problems. For instance, phagocytes such as macrophages must induce or suppress metabolic pathways to find, engulf, and digest apoptotic cells. Then, phagocytes mu...
Last. Mikael Rydén(Karolinska University Hospital)H-Index: 65
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Summary null null The contribution of cellular heterogeneity and architecture to white adipose tissue (WAT) function is poorly understood. Herein, we combined spatially resolved transcriptional profiling with single-cell RNA sequencing and image analyses to map human WAT composition and structure. This identified 18 cell classes with unique propensities to form spatially organized homo- and heterotypic clusters. Of these, three constituted mature adipocytes that were similar in size, but distinc...
#1Sojeong Jun(UTSW: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center)
#2Swetha Mahesula(UTSW: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center)H-Index: 1
Last. Michalis Agathocleous(UTSW: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center)H-Index: 11
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Summary null null Cancer cells are metabolically similar to their corresponding normal tissues. Differences between cancers and normal tissues may reflect reprogramming during transformation or maintenance of the metabolism of the specific normal cell type that originated the cancer. Here, we compare glucose metabolism in hematopoiesis and leukemia. Thymus T cell progenitors were glucose avid and oxidized more glucose in the tricarboxylic acid cycle through pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) as compar...
Summary null null Wound healing requires cooperation between different cell types, among which macrophages play a central role. In particular, inflammatory macrophages are engaged in the initial response to wounding, and alternatively activated macrophages are essential for wound closure and the resolution of tissue repair. The links between temporal activation-induced changes in the metabolism of such macrophages and the influence this has on their functional states, along with the realization ...
#1Zheng Fan(EPFL: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne)H-Index: 2
#2Guillermo Turiel(EPFL: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne)H-Index: 2
Last. Tatiane Gorski(EPFL: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne)H-Index: 5
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Summary null null Exercise is a powerful driver of physiological angiogenesis during adulthood, but the mechanisms of exercise-induced vascular expansion are poorly understood. We explored endothelial heterogeneity in skeletal muscle and identified two capillary muscle endothelial cell (mEC) populations that are characterized by differential expression of ATF3/4. Spatial mapping showed that ATF3/4+ mECs are enriched in red oxidative muscle areas while ATF3/4low ECs lie adjacent to white glycolyt...
Last. Julianne W. Ashby(UCLA: University of California, Los Angeles)H-Index: 1
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Summary null FXR agonists are used to treat non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), in part because they reduce hepatic lipids. Here, we show that FXR activation with the FXR agonist GSK2324 controls hepatic lipids via reduced absorption and selective decreases in fatty acid synthesis. Using comprehensive lipidomic analyses, we show that FXR activation in mice or humans specifically reduces hepatic levels of mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids (MUFA and PUFA). Decreases in MUFA are due to F...
The tumor microenvironment is immunosuppressive. Here we preview two recent studies from Ma et al. (2021) in Cell Metabolism and Xu et al. (2021) in Immunity that describe a key role of T cell-expressed CD36 in enhancing lipid uptake and mediating lipid peroxidation that ultimately leads to CD8+ T cell dysfunction, ferroptosis, and reduced anti-tumor function.
Last. Heiko Krude(Humboldt University of Berlin)H-Index: 50
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In a new paper, Wade et al. (2021) analyzed the frequency of MC4R loss-of-function (LoF) mutations in a population-based Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. The frequency was 1 in 337 and the authors showed that MC4R LoF variants significantly correlated with increased body weight and fat mass in children and adults (cumulating in additional 17.76 kg weight in adulthood). Hence, the authors provide evidence that MC4R LoF variants are more common than previously expected.
Antibiotic tolerance enables microorganisms to survive the exposure to antibiotics and serves as a precursor to antibiotic resistance. In a recent issue of Nature Microbiology, Liu et al. (2021) describe that high-fat-diet-induced changes in the intestinal microbiome and metabolome facilitate the development of antibiotic tolerance by bacterial pathogens.