#1Manita Shakya(UMB: University of Maryland, Baltimore)H-Index: 1
#2Iris Lindberg(UMB: University of Maryland, Baltimore)H-Index: 42
The kexin-like proprotein convertases perform the initial proteolytic cleavages that ultimately generate a variety of different mature peptide and proteins, ranging from brain neuropeptides, to endocrine peptide hormones, to structural proteins, among others. In this review, we present a general introduction to proprotein convertase structure and biochemistry, followed by a comprehensive discussion of each member of the kexin-like subfamily of proprotein convertases. We summarize current knowled...
#1Arthur D. Riggs(City of Hope National Medical Center)H-Index: 73
In the mid to late 1970s recombinant DNA methods for cloning and expressing genes in E. coli were under intense development. An important question had become: Can humans design and chemically synthesize novel genes that function in bacteria? This question was answered in 1978 and 1979 with the successful expression in E. coli of two mammalian hormones, first somatostatin and then human insulin. The successful production of human insulin in bacteria provided, for the first time, a practical, scal...
Graves' hyperthyroidism is characterized by the presence of autoantibodies that stimulate the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR), resulting in uncontrolled secretion of excessive thyroid hormone. Conventional treatments, including antithyroid medication, radioiodine, or surgery have remained largely unchanged for the past 70 years and either lack efficacy for many patients, or result in lifelong thyroid hormone replacement therapy, in the case of the latter 2 options. The demand for new...
In recent years, ovarian tissue cryopreservation has rapidly developed as a successful method for preserving the fertility of girls and young women with cancer or benign conditions requiring gonadotoxic therapy, and is now becoming widely recognized as an effective alternative to oocyte and embryo freezing when not feasible. Primordial follicles are the most abundant population of follicles in the ovary, and their relatively quiescent metabolism makes them more resistant to cryoinjury. This dorm...
#2Márta Korbonits(QMUL: Queen Mary University of London)H-Index: 64
Substantial advances have been made recently in the pathobiology of pituitary tumors. Similar to many other endocrine tumors, over the last few years we have recognized the role of germline and somatic mutations in a number of syndromic or non-syndromic conditions with pituitary tumor predisposition. These include the identification of novel germline variants in patients with familial or simplex pituitary tumors and establishment of novel somatic variants identified through next generation seque...
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (MEN1), a rare tumor syndrome that is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, is continuing to raise great interest for endocrinology, gastroenterology, surgery, radiology, genetics and molecular biology specialists. There have been two major clinical practice guidance papers that were published in the past two decades, with the most recent publication 8 years ago. Since then, several new insights on the basic biology and clinical features of MEN1 have app...