Internal medicine

Fibrillation

Defibrillation threshold

Atrial fibrillation

Ventricular fibrillation

Cardiology

Refractory (planetary science)

Composite material

Materials science

Defibrillation

Shock (circulatory)

Medicine

New England Journal of Medicine

Despite advances in defibrillation technology, shock-refractory ventricular fibrillation remains common during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Double sequential external defibrillation (DSED; rapid sequential shocks from two defibrillators) and vector-change (VC) defibrillation (switching defibrillation pads to an anterior–posterior position) have been proposed as defibrillation strategies to improve outcomes in patients with refractory ventricular fibrillation.

Defibrillation Strategies for Refractory Ventricular Fibrillation