Intensive care medicine

Public health

Pulmonary disease

Environmental health

Chronic disease

Political science

Population

Internal medicine

COPD

Medicine

Commission

Disease

Pathology

The Lancet

Despite substantial progress in reducing the global impact of many non-communicable diseases, including heart disease and cancer, morbidity and mortality due to chronic respiratory disease continues to increase. This increase is driven primarily by the growing burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and has occurred despite the identification of cigarette smoking as the major risk factor for the disease more than 50 years ago. Many factors have contributed to what must now be considered a public health emergency: failure to limit the sale and consumption of tobacco products, unchecked exposure to environmental pollutants across the life course, and the ageing of the global population (partly as a result of improved outcomes for other conditions).

Towards the elimination of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a Lancet Commission