Law and economics

Opposition (politics)

Parliament

Autocracy

Economics

Computer science

Politics

Victory

Image (mathematics)

Political science

Democracy

Political economy

Sociology

General election

Artificial intelligence

Constitution

Orb (optics)

Journal of democracy

On 3 April 2022, Viktor Orbán won his fourth straight election with his fourth straight supermajority in parliament that allows him to amend the constitution at will. This essay traces how he managed to do that. Orbán's skillful use of the war in Ukraine and his major expansion of social benefits right before the election were important in that victory. But even more crucial were the rules of the game that Orbán established after his election victory in 2010, rules that have been constantly modified as the opposition has tried to work around the barriers that those rules erected. Hungary has already been demoted from democracy to autocracy by all democracy raters. This essay shows precisely why those rankings are right. As long as Orbán retains complete control over the rules that govern elections, he can remain in power indefinitely.

How Viktor Orbán Wins