Channel (broadcasting)

Waveform

Key (lock)

Mathematics

Wireless

Noise (video)

Image (mathematics)

Statistics

Engineering

Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)

Estimator

Artificial intelligence

Frequency domain

Electronic engineering

Interference (communication)

Computer science

Real-time computing

Computer vision

Computer security

Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing

Radar

Telecommunications

Intersymbol interference

IEEE Internet of Things Journal

Effective wireless communications are increasingly important in maintaining the successful closed-loop operation of mission-critical Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) applications. To meet the ever-increasing demands on better wireless communications for IIoT, we propose an orthogonal time-frequency space (OTFS) waveform-based joint communication and radio sensing (JCAS) scheme—an energy-efficient solution for not only reliable communications but also high-accuracy sensing. OTFS has been demonstrated to have higher reliability and energy efficiency than the currently popular IIoT communication waveforms. JCAS has also been highly recommended for IIoT, since it saves cost, power, and spectrum compared to having two separate radio frequency systems. Performing JCAS based on OTFS, however, can be hindered by a lack of effective OTFS sensing. This article is dedicated to filling this technology gap. We first design a series of echo preprocessing methods that successfully remove the impact of communication data symbols in the time-frequency domain, where major challenges, such as intercarrier and intersymbol interference and noise amplification, are addressed. Then, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) for sensing and optimize a key parameter of the proposed method to maximize the SINR. The extensive simulations show that the proposed sensing method approaches the maximum-likelihood estimator with respect to the estimation accuracy of target parameters and manifests applicability to wide ranges of key system parameters. Notably, the complexity of the proposed method is only dominated by a 2-D Fourier transform.

OTFS-Based Joint Communication and Sensing for Future Industrial IoT