Quantum mechanics

Natural language

Linguistics

Voltage

Philosophy

Autoepistemic logic

Description logic

Archaeology

Negation as failure

Computer science

Natural language processing

Physics

Natural (archaeology)

Artificial intelligence

Multimodal logic

Transformer

Programming language

Negation

History

This paper analyzes negation in eight popular corpora spanning six natural language understanding tasks. We show that these corpora have few negations compared to general-purpose English, and that the few negations in them are often unimportant. Indeed, one can often ignore negations and still make the right predictions. Additionally, experimental results show that state-of-the-art transformers trained with these corpora obtain substantially worse results with instances that contain negation, especially if the negations are important. We conclude that new corpora accounting for negation are needed to solve natural language understanding tasks when negation is present.

An Analysis of Negation in Natural Language Understanding Corpora