Battery (electricity)

Quantum mechanics

Control (management)

Voltage

Engineering

Jitter

Battery charger

Biology

Power (physics)

Computer science

Grid

Controller (irrigation)

Power factor

Physics

Mathematics

Agronomy

Battery pack

Artificial intelligence

Geometry

Topology (electrical circuits)

Control theory (sociology)

Synchronizing

Integrator

Overshoot (microwave communication)

Electrical engineering

Phase-locked loop

IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification

This article presents a self-tuning filter (STF) and sliding mode control (SMC)-based control algorithm for a grid-interactive off-board electric vehicle (EV) battery charger to power the EV batteries and simultaneously improve the grid power quality. In grid-connected operation (GCO), the charger uses the STF-based control strategy to estimate the fundamental load current and synchronize voltage templates to generate a pure sinusoidal reference current. Compared to the phase-locked loop (PLL) and the second-order generalized integrator (SOGI), the STF-based technique precisely estimates the synchronizing voltage templates during nonideal grid voltage conditions. Therefore, in GCO, the charger reference current ensures the unit power factor in the grid-to-vehicle/vehicle-to-grid (G2V/V2G) operation mode and the harmonic free grid current in the charger-for-grid (C4G) operation mode. Furthermore, the charger operates in the vehicle-to-load (V2L) operation mode during grid outages to maintain an uninterrupted supply to the residential load. The control algorithm also includes a grid synchronization technique to achieve a smooth transition between GCO and V2L. Furthermore, an SMC-based dc-link voltage controller (SMC-DLVC) is proposed to reduce dc-link voltage overshoot with finite-time convergence during external disturbances in all operation modes. The performance of the proposed control algorithm is validated in a 12.6-kVA off-board charger laboratory prototype under ideal/nonideal grid voltage conditions.

A Unified Control of Grid-Interactive Off-Board EV Battery Charger With Improved Power Quality