Engineering

Materials science

Chromatography

Freeze-drying

Particle size

Spray drying

Chemical engineering

Drug

Physical chemistry

Polymer

Organic chemistry

Pharmacology

Nasal administration

Medicine

Chemistry

Mannitol

Drug Discovery Today

In this review, we present the potential of nasal dry powders to deliver stable bioactive compounds and their manufacture using spray-drying (SD) techniques to achieve encapsulation. We also review currently approved and experimental excipients used for powder manufacturing for specific target drugs. Polymers, sugars, and amino acids are recommended for specific actions, such as mucoadhesive interactions, to increase residence time on the nasal mucosa; for example, high-molecular weight polymers, such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, or mannitol, which protect the bioactive compounds, increase their stability, and enhance drug absorption in the nasal mucosa; and leucine, which promotes particle formation and improves aerosol performance.

Engineered nasal dry powder for the encapsulation of bioactive compounds