Internal medicine

Gastritis

Chronic gastritis

Gastroenterology

Cancer

Dysplasia

Immunology

Helicobacter pylori

Intestinal metaplasia

Inflammation

Helicobacter

Atrophic gastritis

Medicine

Immune system

Mediators of Inflammation

Helicobacter pylori is a spiral-shaped gram-negative bacterium. Its infection is mainly transmitted via oral-oral and fecal-oral routes usually during early childhood. It can achieve persistent colonization by manipulating the host immune responses, which also causes mucosal damage and inflammation. H. pylori gastritis is an infectious disease and results in chronic gastritis of different severity in near all patients with infection. It may develop from acute/chronic inflammation, chronic atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia, and intraepithelial neoplasia, eventually to gastric cancer. This review attempts to cover recent studies which provide important insights into how H. pylori causes chronic inflammation and what the characteristic is, which will immunologically explain H. pylori gastritis.

Immunological Perspective: Helicobacter pylori Infection and Gastritis