Internal medicine

Virus

Cytomegalovirus

Cytomegalovirus infection

Biology

Herpesviridae

Immunology

Viral disease

Stem cell

Human cytomegalovirus

Cell biology

Transplantation

Medicine

American Journal of Hematology

Adoptive therapy with cytomegalovirus (CMV)‐specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CMV‐CTLs) has emerged as an effective method for CMV infection. However, the efficacy reportedly ranges from 50% to 90%, and factors affecting anti‐CMV efficacy have not been established. We investigated the safety and efficacy of adoptive therapy with CMV‐CTLs for CMV infection in 190 patients after haploidentical stem cell transplantation (haplo‐SCT), and importantly, we analyzed the main factors affecting antiviral efficacy. The CMV peak titer decreased from 19 (range, 1.0–503.0) × 10 3 copies/mL to 3.9 (range, 0–112) × 10 3 copies/mL after CMV‐CTL infusion. The cumulative complete response (CR) rates in the first, fourth, and sixth weeks after the first CMV‐CTL infusion were 37.9% (95% CI 35.0–40.8), 76.8% (95% CI 70.7–82.9), and 89.5% (95% CI 85.2–93.8), respectively. In multivariate analysis, persistent CMV infection prior to CMV‐CTL infusion (hazard ratio [HR] 2.29, 95% CI 1.29–4.06, p = .005) and basiliximab treatment within 2 weeks of CMV‐CTL infusion (HR 1.87, 95% CI 1.06–3.81, p = .031) were independent predictors of poor antiviral efficacy of CMV‐CTL therapy. Our data showed that adoptive therapy with CMV‐CTLs is a safe and effective treatment for CMV infection after haplo‐SCT. Persistent CMV infection and basiliximab treatment are correlated with poor anti‐CMV efficacy of CMV‐CTL therapy.

Adoptive therapy with <scp>cytomegalovirus</scp>‐specific T cells for <scp>cytomegalovirus</scp> infection after haploidentical stem cell transplantation and factors affecting efficacy

Adoptive therapy with cytomegalovirus‐specific T cells for cytomegalovirus infection after haploidentical stem cell transplantation and factors affecting efficacy