Deep learning

Physics

Internal medicine

Inertial measurement unit

Noise (video)

Image (mathematics)

Bridge (graph theory)

Inertial navigation system

GPS signals

Inertial frame of reference

Artificial intelligence

GPS/INS

Assisted GPS

Sensor fusion

Computer science

Global Positioning System

Quantum mechanics

Real-time computing

Computer vision

Simulation

Artificial neural network

Medicine

Telecommunications

Convolutional neural network

IEEE Sensors Journal

The low cost inertial navigation system (INS) suffers from bias and measurement noise, which would result in poor navigation accuracy during global positioning system (GPS) outages. Aiming to bridge GPS outages duration and enhance the navigation performance, a deep learning network architecture named GPS/INS neural network (GI-NN) is proposed in this paper to assist the INS. The GI-NN combines a convolutional neural network and a gated recurrent unit neural network to extract spatial features from inertial measurement unit (IMU) signals and track their temporal characteristics. The relationship among the attitude, specific force, angular rate and the GPS position increment is modelled, while the current and previous IMU data are used to estimate the dynamics of the vehicle by GI-NN. Numerical simulations, real field tests and public data tests are performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Compared with the traditional machine learning algorithms, the results illustrate that the proposed method can provide more accurate and reliable navigation solutions in GPS denied environments.

Deep Learning-Enabled Fusion to Bridge GPS Outages for INS/GPS Integrated Navigation