Intensive care medicine

Pneumocystis carinii

Biology

Pneumocystis jirovecii

Aspergillosis

Mycosis

Immunology

Physics

Optics

Pneumocystosis

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Epidemiology

Mucormycosis

Medicine

Disease

Incidence (geometry)

Cryptococcosis

Pathology

Journal of Fungi

Invasive fungal disease (IFD) associated with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has focussed predominantly on invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. However, increasingly emergent are non-Aspergillus fungal infections including candidiasis, mucormycosis, pneumocystosis, cryptococcosis, and endemic mycoses. These infections are associated with poor outcomes, and their management is challenged by delayed diagnosis due to similarities of presentation to aspergillosis or to non-specific features in already critically ill patients. There has been a variability in the incidence of different IFDs often related to heterogeneity in patient populations, diagnostic protocols, and definitions used to classify IFD. Here, we summarise and address knowledge gaps related to the epidemiology, risks, diagnosis, and management of COVID-19-associated fungal infections other than aspergillosis.

Fungal Infections Other Than Invasive Aspergillosis in COVID-19 Patients