sampling designs

Design Studies

How a research team defines their study sample can be decisive in shaping impact on both practice and theory. However, sampling in design research faces several major challenges, including diverse terminology, limited prior literature, and lack of common framework for discussing sampling decisions. We address these challenges by bringing together guidance from across related research fields as well as cross-referring to examples from published design research. We offer a structured process for sample development and present eight key sampling considerations. The paper contributes to research method selection, development, and use, as well as extending discussions surrounding knowledge construction, standards of reporting, and design research impact. • Identifies critical sampling challenges in theory driven design studies. • Describes eight key sampling considerations. • Proposes a structured sample design process. • Illustrates links between sampling, theory development, and knowledge construction. • Provides guidance for reporting of sampling considerations.

Sampling in design research: Eight key considerations