Catheter-Based Techniques of Transvenous Intracardiac Tumor Biopsy Without Echocardiography Guidance

Transthoracic, transesophageal, and intracardiac echocardiography are applicable imaging tools used for increasing the accuracy of tumor positioning during transvenous intracardiac tumor biopsy. However, incorporating echo-images in the extremely rare procedures is usually not easy. By using a contralateral catheter for simultaneous contrast injection and tip positioning, we demonstrated tumor biopsy safely and effectively in 4 cases without the...