diastolic dysfunction

diastolic function

takotsubo cardiomyopathy

valve prolapse

dilated cardiomyopathy

subaortic stenosis

relevant relationships

chest pain

left ventricular mass

Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography

Left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction is a determinant in the management of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, including candidacy for septal reduction therapy and risk stratification for sudden cardiac death. 1 Elliott P.M. Gimeno J.R. Tomé M.T. Shah J. Ward D. Thaman R. et al. Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction and sudden death risk in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Eur Heart J. 2006; 27: 1933-1941 Crossref PubMed Scopus (262) Google Scholar ,2 Ommen S.R. Mital S. Burke M.A. Day S.M. Deswal A. Elliott P. et al. 2020 AHA/ACC guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020; 76: e159-e240 Crossref PubMed Scopus (136) Google Scholar Obstruction is defined as a maximal instantaneous gradient ≥ 30 mm Hg, and severe obstruction is defined as a maximal instantaneous gradient ≥ 50 mm Hg. 2 Ommen S.R. Mital S. Burke M.A. Day S.M. Deswal A. Elliott P. et al. 2020 AHA/ACC guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020; 76: e159-e240 Crossref PubMed Scopus (136) Google Scholar Several provocative maneuvers have been used to elicit latent obstruction, including the Valsalva maneuver, amyl nitrite inhalation, and exercise on a treadmill or bike. 3 Marwick T.H. Nakatani S. Haluska B. Thomas J.D. Lever H.M. Provocation of latent left ventricular outflow tract gradients with amyl nitrite and exercise in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol. 1995; 75: 805-809 Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (74) Google Scholar , 4 Jensen M.K. Havndrup O. Pecini R. Dalsgaard M. Hassager C. Helqvist S. et al. Comparison of Valsalva manoeuvre and exercise in echocardiographic evaluation of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Eur J Echocardiogr. 2010; 11: 763-769 Crossref PubMed Scopus (24) Google Scholar , 5 Shah J.S. Esteban M.T.T. Thaman R. Sharma R. Mist B. Pantazis A. et al. Prevalence of exercise-induced left ventricular outflow t...

Repetitive Squat-to-Stand Provocation of Dynamic Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy