Gene

microRNA

Lepidoptera genitalia

Cell biology

Plutella

Untranslated region

Biology

Regulation of gene expression

Botany

Larva

Genetics

Toxicology

Gene expression

Insecticide resistance

PLoS Genetics

The evolution of resistance to insecticides is well known to be closely associated with the overexpression of detoxifying enzymes. Although the role of glutathione S -transferase (GST) genes in insecticide resistance has been widely reported, the underlying regulatory mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, one GST gene ( GSTu1 ) and its antisense transcript (lnc- GSTu1 -AS) were identified and cloned, and both of them were upregulated in several chlorantraniliprole-resistant Plutella xylostella populations. GSTu1 was confirmed to be involved in chlorantraniliprole resistance by direct degradation of this insecticide. Furthermore, we demonstrated that lnc- GSTu1 -AS interacted with GSTu1 by forming an RNA duplex, which masked the binding site of miR-8525-5p at the GSTu1 -3′UTR. In summary, we revealed that lnc- GSTu1 -AS maintained the mRNA stability of GSTu1 by preventing its degradation that could have been induced by miR-8525-5p and thus increased the resistance of P . xylostella to chlorantraniliprole. Our findings reveal a new noncoding RNA-mediated pathway that regulates the expression of detoxifying enzymes in insecticide-resistant insects and offer opportunities for the further understanding of the mechanisms of insecticide and drug resistance.

Regulation of GSTu1-mediated insecticide resistance in Plutella xylostella by miRNA and lncRNA