Parent child directed speech in dyadic and triadic interaction: Associations with co-parenting dynamics and child language outcomes

This observational study compares the child directed speech (CDS) of mothers and fathers to toddlers in the context of dyadic and triadic interaction. Further the influence of observed co-parenting dynamics on parental triadic speech and associations with child language are explored. Seventy-three toddlers (M = 24.1 months, SD=1.37; 37 girls) and their parents were recorded in dyadic and triadic free play in a laboratory setting. All speech from...