Machining of hard materials using textured tool with minimum quantity nano-green cutting fluid

Metal cutting causes severe friction and heat generation in the machining zone. Previously, petroleum-based cutting fluids were applied for reducing friction and machining temperature at the machining zone. Nowadays, nano-cutting fluids are preferred owing to their higher thermal conductivity and better lubricating ability. However, during machining of hard materials (hardness, ≥50 HRC), the effectiveness of these nano-cutting fluids is limited,...