Automation

Sociology

Human–robot interaction

Archaeology

Personalization

Qualitative research

Value (mathematics)

Social science

Knowledge management

Mass customization

Human–computer interaction

Operating system

World Wide Web

Manufacturing engineering

Machine learning

Engineering

Embedded system

Artificial intelligence

Geography

Process management

Originality

Industry 4.0

Context (archaeology)

Computer science

Process (computing)

Mechanical engineering

Robot

Industrial Robot the international journal of robotics research and application

Purpose In the present era of Industry 4.0, the manufacturing automation is moving toward mass production and mass customization through human–robot collaboration. The purpose of this paper is to describe various human–robot collaborative (HRC) techniques and their applicability for various manufacturing methods along with key challenges. Design/methodology/approach Numerous recent relevant research literature has been analyzed, and various human–robot interaction methods have been identified, and detailed discussions are made on one- and two-way human–robot collaboration. Findings The challenges in implementing human–robot collaboration for various manufacturing process and the challenges in one- and two-way collaboration between human and robot are found and discussed. Originality/value The authors have attempted to classify the HRC techniques and demonstrated the challenges in different modes.

Challenges and opportunities in human robot collaboration context of Industry 4.0 - a state of the art review