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Journal of Energy Storage

Electric vehicles (EVs) are steadily replacing the internal combustion engine vehicles in response to the problem of rising environmental pollution due to the emission of greenhouse gases. The introduction of EVs and hybrid EVs has increased the demand for efficient storage devices which can facilitate fast charging, high energy density and high specific power output. Lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) are widely used in EVs for storage applications. However, heat generated in LiBs due to electrochemical reactions and Joule heating can lead to degradation and impair the performance of LiBs. It is important to maintain the operational temperature within a desired range and this is realized using battery thermal management systems (BTMS). A review on air cooled and air centric hybrid BTMS is presented. The thermal performance of air cooled and hybrid air cooled BTMS for different design and operating conditions is reviewed in detail and a comparative assessment of the performance of these systems in terms of the reduction in maximum temperature and reduction in temperature non-uniformity inside the battery module is presented. The review is aimed at providing useful directions towards the design and development of air-cooled hybrid BTMS which require less weight and complexity, and hence consumes lower parasitic power.

A review on air cooled and air centric hybrid thermal management techniques for Li-ion battery packs in electric vehicles