Maltose

Acarbose

Amylase

Endocrinology

Biochemistry

Indole test

Alpha-amylase

Stereochemistry

Alpha-glucosidase

Enzyme

Postprandial

Hydrazone

Pharmacology

Medicine

Chemistry

Diabetes mellitus

Chemical Biology & Drug Design

The alpha (α)-amylase is a calcium metalloenzyme that aids digestion by breaking down polysaccharide molecules into smaller ones such as glucose and maltose. In addition, the enzyme causes postprandial hyperglycaemia and blood glucose levels to rise. α-Amylase is a well-known therapeutic target for the treatment and maintenance of postprandial blood glucose elevations. Various enzymatic inhibitors, such as acarbose, miglitol and voglibose, have been found to be effective in targeting this enzyme, prompting researchers to express an interest in developing potent alpha-amylase inhibitor molecules. The review mainly focused on designing different derivatives of drug molecules such as benzofuran hydrazone, indole hydrazone, spiroindolone, benzotriazoles, 1,3-diaryl-3-(arylamino) propan-1-one, oxadiazole and flavonoids along with their target-receptor interactions, IC50 values and other biological activities.

Alpha‐amylase as molecular target for treatment of diabetes mellitus: A comprehensive review