collision risk

risk matrix

tree analysis

maritime accidents

marine accidents

Applied Ocean Research

• A risk assessment for grounding accidents has been applied. • A mapping FTA into BN as a dynamic risk assessment methodology has been carried out. • Navigation-based factors have the highest impact on grounding accidents. • The level of professional competence of the crew should be evaluated at regular intervals. Groundings, which account for approximately one-third of ship accidents, are classified as very serious with tragic consequences. Therefore, identifying the factors causing groundings is essential to reduce their effects and to prevent recurrence. Thus, the principal purpose of this study is to analyse the risks of grounding accidents using an integrated model. First, a fault tree analysis (FTA) was applied to create a risk hierarchy that defines the level of relationship among factors; and a Bayesian network (BN) analysis was conducted to evaluate the level of their effect on groundings. The study found that of the 34 factors related to the safety of navigation, E 10 /violation of COLREG Rule-5 (look-out), E 9 /improper use of ECDIS, and E 8 /improper use of radar significantly effect groundings. The findings also indicate that maintaining a safe navigation watch is crucial to prevent future accidents. This study makes a significant contribution to the relevant literature as one of the few pieces of research using the combined FTA-BN as a dynamic risk assessment methodology for analysis of grounding accidents. We recommend that further research use other risk assessment methods that consider different ship types for a better comparison.

RISK ANALYSIS OF GROUNDING ACCIDENTS BY MAPPING A FAULT TREE INTO A BAYESIAN NETWORK