transport planning

factors

place attachment

public transit

accessibility

public facilities

transportation networks

transport systems

spatial equity

Journal of Transport Geography

Accessibility is usually evaluated using indicators calculated from spatial data. However, perceived accessibility, defined as the perceived potential to participate in spatially dispersed opportunities, is often poorly reflected by these calculated measures. This paper sets out to explain the mechanisms that lead to these mismatches. A conceptual model is constructed to establish what factors shape perceived accessibility. A schematic framework shows that mismatches between a calculated indicator and perceptions can stem from inaccuracies in awareness as well as from inaccuracies in the measure if the measure fails to take account of the subjective evaluations of accessibility components. When evaluating the performance of land-use and transport system configurations, calculated measures based on spatial and transport data only serve as proxies for how accessibility is actually experienced. This paper argues that bringing perceived accessibility to the fore of accessibility-based planning, by acknowledging and evaluating potential mismatches with calculated accessibility indicators, will advance the evolution from mobility-based to accessibility-based planning. • Accessibility to opportunities is conditioned by individual perceptions. • Calculated accessibility measures based on spatial data only serve as a proxy for actual perceived accessibility. • There is no such thing as ‘objective accessibility’ as opposed to ‘subjective accessibility’. • Accessibility-based planning should acknowledge potential mismatches between indicators and perceptions. • A focus on perceived accessibility will advance the transition from mobility-based to accessibility-based planning.

Perceived accessibility: What it is and why it differs from calculated accessibility measures based on spatial data