Physics

Channel (broadcasting)

Pure mathematics

Mathematics

Engineering

Programming language

Electronic engineering

Computer science

Astrophysics

Star (game theory)

Reflection (computer programming)

Field (mathematics)

Transmission (telecommunications)

Telecommunications

IEEE Communications Letters

In this letter, simultaneous transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RISs) are studied. Compared with the conventional reflecting-only RISs, the coverage of STAR-RISs is extended to 360 degrees via simultaneous transmission and reflection. A general hardware model for STAR-RISs is presented. Then, channel models are proposed for the near-field and the far-field scenarios, based on which the diversity gain of the STAR-RISs is analyzed and compared with that of the conventional RISs. Numerical simulations are provided to verify analytical results and to demonstrate that full diversity order can be achieved on both sides of the STAR-RIS.

STAR-RISs: Simultaneous Transmitting and Reflecting Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces