Detector

Bandwidth (computing)

Operating system

Telecommunications

Set (abstract data type)

Computer science

Code (set theory)

Computer network

Oversampling

Discriminator

Source code

Artificial intelligence

Programming language

Deep learning

Machine learning

Encoder

IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems

Despite over two decades of progress, imbalanced data is still considered a significant challenge for contemporary machine learning models. Modern advances in deep learning have further magnified the importance of the imbalanced data problem, especially when learning from images. Therefore, there is a need for an oversampling method that is specifically tailored to deep learning models, can work on raw images while preserving their properties, and is capable of generating high-quality, artificial images that can enhance minority classes and balance the training set. We propose Deep synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE), a novel oversampling algorithm for deep learning models that leverages the properties of the successful SMOTE algorithm. It is simple, yet effective in its design. It consists of three major components: 1) an encoder/decoder framework; 2) SMOTE-based oversampling; and 3) a dedicated loss function that is enhanced with a penalty term. An important advantage of DeepSMOTE over generative adversarial network (GAN)-based oversampling is that DeepSMOTE does not require a discriminator, and it generates high-quality artificial images that are both information-rich and suitable for visual inspection. DeepSMOTE code is publicly available at https://github.com/dd1github/DeepSMOTE.

DeepSMOTE: Fusing Deep Learning and SMOTE for Imbalanced Data