Gene

Cell biology

Voltage

Engineering

Biotechnology

Neuroscience

Biology

Control engineering

Metabolism

Biochemistry

Computer science

Insulin

Stimulus (psychology)

Computational biology

Metabolic pathway

Negative feedback

Organic chemistry

Psychology

Psychotherapist

Metabolic network

Enzyme

Chemistry

Metabolic engineering

Flux (metallurgy)

Heterologous

Feedback control

Electrical engineering

Metabolic control analysis

Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering

Metabolic engineering reprograms cells to synthesize value-added products. In doing so, endogenous genes are altered and heterologous genes can be introduced to achieve the necessary enzymatic reactions. Dynamic regulation of metabolic flux is a powerful control scheme to alleviate and overcome the competing cellular objectives that arise from the introduction of these production pathways. This review explores dynamic regulation strategies that have demonstrated significant production benefits by targeting the metabolic node corresponding to a specific challenge. We summarize the stimulus-responsive control circuits employed in these strategies that determine the criterion for actuating a dynamic response and then examine the points of control that couple the stimulus-responsive circuit to a shift in metabolic flux.

Dynamic Control of Metabolism