Associations between teacher expectations and racial disproportionality in discipline referrals

We explored the racial discipline gap and sought to understand the extent to which elementary school teachers' (N = 33; Grades K-6) expectations for their students' (N = 496) future outcomes predicted racial discipline disproportionality. We used multilevel models, and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression with standardized errors corrected, to examine associations between teacher expectations of academic and behavioral student outcomes and...