Key (lock)

Corporate governance

Information ethics

Algorithm

Software deployment

Software engineering

Engineering

Political science

Artificial intelligence

Management

Economics

Data science

Computer science

Normative

Management science

Computer security

Engineering ethics

Applied ethics

AI & Society

Research on the ethics of algorithms has grown substantially over the past decade. Alongside the exponential development and application of machine learning algorithms, new ethical problems and solutions relating to their ubiquitous use in society have been proposed. This article builds on a review of the ethics of algorithms published in 2016 (Mittelstadt et al. Big Data Soc 3(2), 2016). The goals are to contribute to the debate on the identification and analysis of the ethical implications of algorithms, to provide an updated analysis of epistemic and normative concerns, and to offer actionable guidance for the governance of the design, development and deployment of algorithms.

The ethics of algorithms: key problems and solutions