Quantum mechanics

Electric power transmission

Direct current

Voltage

Engineering

Network topology

Hybrid system

Voltage source

Operating system

Telecommunications

Power (physics)

Computer science

Fault (geology)

Seismology

Geology

Physics

Mathematics

HVDC converter

Electric power system

Terminal (telecommunication)

Electronic engineering

Geometry

Transformer

Topology (electrical circuits)

Converters

HVDC converter station

Machine learning

Line (geometry)

High-voltage direct current

Electrical engineering

International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems

Hybrid HVDC system, which consists of the advantages of line commutated converter (LCC) and voltage source converter (VSC), is an emerging power transmission system. This paper presents a review of four LCC-VSC hybrid HVDC topologies. The first topology is the pole-hybrid HVDC system, in which the LCC and VSC form the positive- and negative-pole respectively. The second one is the terminal-hybrid HVDC system; in this topology one terminal adopts LCC and the other terminal adopts VSC. The series converter-hybrid HVDC system is the third topology wherein each terminal is formed by LCC and VSC in series. The fourth hybrid topology under consideration is a parallel converter-hybrid HVDC system with LCC and VSC connected in parallel in each terminal. The main contribution of this paper is a comprehensive analysis and comparison of the four mentioned hybrid topologies in terms of PQ operating zone, power flow reversal method, and DC fault ride-through strategy.

Review of hybrid HVDC systems combining line communicated converter and voltage source converter