Financial system

Shock (circulatory)

Sovereignty

European debt crisis

Economics

European integration

Business

Bond market

Sovereign debt

Politics

Political science

Monetary economics

Economic policy

Internal medicine

Debt

Medicine

Bond

Finance

Equity (law)

European union

Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis

I investigate whether bank exposures to sovereign debt during the European debt crisis affected the real economy. I show that a shock to the marked-to-market (MTM) value of bank exposures to sovereign debt led to credit tightening in 2010–2011 that had negative real effects on small and young firms. Because banks do not usually mark their holdings of sovereign bonds to market, I explore the transmission channels of the unrealized losses on credit supply. I show that a shock to MTM exposures reduced short-term bank funding from U.S. money market funds rather than affecting equity or working through alternative channels.

Bank Lending and the European Sovereign Debt Crisis