Quantum mechanics

Context (archaeology)

Valence (chemistry)

Cognitive psychology

Neuroscience

Biology

Pleasure

Social psychology

Computer science

Paleontology

Physics

Psychology

Arousal

Negative emotion

Food Quality and Preference

Questionnaires are popular in food-related emotion research and exist in many forms. Adding to this multiplicity, a parsimonious circumplex-inspired single-response questionnaire with 12 pairs of emotion words that span the dimensions of pleasure and arousal was recently introduced [Jaeger et al., 2020, 103805]. It can be used with a wide range of stimuli and different stimuli formats to generate discriminative and stable product profiles. The present research advances methodological understanding of the valence × arousal circumplex-inspired emotion questionnaire (CEQ) by investigating its circular layout and single response characteristics. Four CEQ variants were compared, defined according to a 2 × 2 combinatorial which compared the single response format with a CATA question format (check-all-that-apply) and the CEQ’s circular structure with a conventional list format containing the same 12 pairs of emotion words. The empirical context was an online survey with 15 food names implemented as a between-subjects design. Product emotion profiles were highly similar for circular and list formats, indicating that the circular CEQ layout was of no particular benefit (nor hinderance). Compared to the single response variant, sample discrimination improved when multiple emotion words could be chosen for each food name. However, responses for all four variants were quite similar as assessed by RV coefficients. The research contributed to guidelines for implementation of the CEQ in product research and suggested that all variants were appropriate, but greater sample discrimination and descriptive detail may be gained when implementing the CEQ as a CATA question. Regardless of CEQ variant, samples were differentiated according to valence and arousal, and separation on the latter dimension was uncorrelated with degree of product liking/disliking.

The valence × arousal circumplex-inspired emotion questionnaire (CEQ): Effect of response format and question layout