Combinatorics

Physics

Organic chemistry

Topology (electrical circuits)

Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope

Charge (physics)

Ring (chemistry)

Mathematics

Topological quantum number

Hermitian matrix

Statistics

Berry connection and curvature

Chemistry

Photonics

Theoretical physics

Quantum mechanics

Realization (probability)

Quantum optics

Quantum

Nature Photonics

Weyl points are isolated degeneracies in reciprocal space that are monopoles of the Berry curvature. This topological charge makes them inherently robust to Hermitian perturbations of the system. However, non-Hermitian effects, usually inaccessible in condensed-matter systems, are an important feature of photonic systems, and when added to an otherwise Hermitian Weyl material have been predicted to spread the Berry charge of the Weyl point out onto a ring of exceptional points, creating a Weyl exceptional ring and fundamentally altering its properties. Here, we observe the implications of the Weyl exceptional ring using real-space measurements of an evanescently coupled bipartite optical waveguide array by probing its effects on the Fermi arc surface states and bulk diffraction properties of the two constituent sublattices in an experimental realization of a distributed Berry charge in a topological material. The distribution of Berry charge over a ring of exceptional points, called a Weyl exceptional ring, is experimentally demonstrated.

Experimental realization of a Weyl exceptional ring