Surface post-treatments for metal additive manufacturing: Progress, challenges, and opportunities

Metal additive manufacturing is a rapidly expanding area owing to its capacity to fabricate parts of intricate geometries with customized features for a wide range of applications. However, these parts generally exhibit inadequate and poor surface quality in the as-built configuration. The surface imperfections and defects ranging from staircase effect due to the layer by layer nature of the deposition techniques, partially fused feedstock...