cross coupling

terminal alkynes

aryl halides

text referenceadd description

direct arylation

palladium catalyzed

cross-coupling reactions

aryl chlorides

reaction

Journal of the American Chemical Society

Alkyl chlorides and aryl chlorides are among the most abundant and stable carbon electrophiles. Although their coupling with carbon nucleophiles is well developed, the cross-electrophile coupling of aryl chlorides with alkyl chlorides has remained a challenge. We report here the first general approach to this transformation. The key to productive, selective cross-coupling is the use of a small amount of iodide or bromide along with a recently reported ligand, pyridine-2,6-bis(N-cyanocarboxamidine) (PyBCamCN). The scope of the reaction is demonstrated with 35 examples (63 ± 16% average yield), and we show that the Br- and I- additives act as cocatalysts, generating a low, steady-state concentration of more-reactive alkyl bromide/iodide.

Nickel-Catalyzed Cross-Electrophile Coupling of Aryl Chlorides with Primary Alkyl Chlorides