Electronic engineering

Filter (signal processing)

Engineering

Jitter

Artificial intelligence

Power (physics)

Telecommunications

Physics

Open-loop gain

Transfer function

CMOS

Image (mathematics)

Noise power

Quantum mechanics

Operational amplifier

Voltage

Amplifier

Computer science

Noise (video)

Comparator

Control (management)

Electrical engineering

Bandwidth (computing)

Effective number of bits

Control theory (sociology)

Noise shaping (NS) SAR ADCs combine the merits of SAR and Δσ ADCs, and can simultaneously achieve high power efficiency and high resolution. The key operation in an NS SAR is the residue integration. One way to implement it is to use a conventional closed-loop OTA [1]-[2]. It is robust against PVT variation and can realize a sharp noise transfer function (NTF), but it consumes static power and is does not scale easily. Another way is to use a passive filter [3]-[4]. It does not consume any static current, but its NTF is less aggressive. Moreover, because the gain of a passive filter is low, its suppression of the comparator noise is weak. An open-loop dynamic amplifier (DA) can be placed before the passive filter to reduce noise and power, but its gain varies with PVT [5]-[6]. To ensure stability, the NTF needs to be mild, which limits the NS performance [5], or background calibration has to be used, which increases the design complexity and requires a large number of samples to converge [6]. In addition, without complete settling, the gain of an open-loop DA is sensitive to timing error, e.g. clock jitter.

9.5 A 13.5b-ENOB Second-Order Noise-Shaping SAR with PVT-Robust Closed-Loop Dynamic Amplifier