Detector

Neutrino oscillation

COSMIC cancer database

Lepton

Cosmic ray

Nuclear physics

Particle physics

Astrophysics

Neutrino

Physics

Neutrino detector

Optics

Muon

Air shower

Electron

Physical review. D/Physical review. D.

The detection of the radio emission following a neutrino interaction in ice is a promising technique to obtain significant sensitivities to neutrinos with energies above Petaelectronvolts (${10}^{15}\text{ }\mathrm{eV}$). The detectable radio emission stems from particle showers in the ice. So far, detector simulations have considered only the radio emission from the primary interaction of the neutrino. For this study, existing simulation tools have been extended to cover secondary interactions from muons and taus. We find that secondary interactions of both leptons add up to 25% to the effective volume of neutrino detectors. Also, muon and tau neutrinos can create several detectable showers, with the result that double signatures do not constitute an exclusive signature for tau neutrinos. We also find that the background of atmospheric muons from cosmic rays is non-negligible for in-ice arrays and that an air shower veto should be considered helpful for radio detectors.

Signatures of secondary leptons in radio-neutrino detectors in ice