Review of supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) technologies for high-grade waste heat to power conversion

In the European Industry, 275 TWh of thermal energy is rejected into the environment at temperatures beyond 300 °C. To recover some of this wasted energy, bottoming thermodynamic cycles using supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO 2 ) as working fluid are a promising technology for the conversion of the waste heat into power. CO 2 is a non-flammable and thermally stable compound, and due to its favourable thermo-physical properties in the...