Multifunctional optical thermometry based on the stark sublevels of Er³⁺ in CaO‐Y₂O₃: Yb³⁺/Er³⁺

A conventional high temperature solid state method was utilized to prepare CaO‐Y 2 O 3 , which is a potential candidate for manufacturing crucible material to melt titanium and titanium alloys with low cost. Meanwhile, Yb 3+ ions and Er 3+ ions were selected as the sensitizers and activators respectively to dope into CaO‐Y 2 O 3 , aimed at providing real‐time optical thermometry during the preparation process of titanium alloys realized using...