Quantum mechanics

Detector

Materials science

Energy spectrum

Cosmic ray

Nuclear physics

Astrophysics

Energy (signal processing)

Range (aeronautics)

Calibration

Cherenkov radiation

Physics

Amplitude

Optics

Astronomy

Composite material

Cherenkov detector

Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray

Astroparticle Physics

The EAS Cherenkov light array Tunka-133, with ~ 3 km2 geometric area, is taking data since 2009.The array permits a detailed study of energy spectrum and mass composition of cosmic rays in the energy range from 6 · 1015 to 1018 eV. We describe the methods of time and amplitude calibration of the array and the methods of EAS parameters reconstruction. We present the all-particle energy spectrum, based on 7 seasons of operation.

The primary cosmic-ray energy spectrum measured with the Tunka-133 array